¡¡¡¡I.what are DSS and the reasons for using DSS
¡¡¡¡DSS -- DecisionSupportSystems, or decision support system, is an application technology developed based on the combination of computer science and management science. The success or failure of management decision-making is directly related to the development and economic benefits of enterprises and organizations, while DSS can timely and effectively analyze and solve complex problems for decision-makers and provide great help and support, so as to improve the level of management decision-making and promote the scientific management decision-making.
¡¡¡¡1.Enterprises operate in an unstable economic environment;
¡¡¡¡2.Enterprises are faced with growing domestic and international competition;
¡¡¡¡3.Enterprises are confronted with increasing difficulties in the operation of a large number of enterprises;
¡¡¡¡4.The existing computer systems of the enterprise cannot support the goal of increasing efficiency, profits and access to the profitable market;
¡¡¡¡5.The information system department has been unable to meet the continuous needs of enterprises and the particularity of some management decisions, and the required analysis function has not been available in the existing system.
¡¡¡¡Ii.Differences between DSS and MIS
¡¡¡¡As an information system infrastructure, MIS(management information system) can generate summary reports of standards and exceptions, provide query result control and tracking. It is usually organized according to functional areas, hence market MIS, financial MIS and so on. DSS is a basic problem solving tool, and it is often used to deal with specific and unexpected problems. Because of the infrastructure features of the MIS, it is typically developed by the information systems department, while DSS is often an end-user tool that provides decision support for a short period of time. MIS can only provide rapid decision support for situations that are handled by previously written software and models. The difference can be seen from the comparison in table 1.
¡¡¡¡Relationships with managers improve their decisions indirectly (providing reports or accessing data) by creating support tools
¡¡¡¡Iii.Application of DSS in printing management
¡¡¡¡The application of DSS in printing management can be beneficial in the following aspects:
¡¡¡¡1.Fast calculation. Computers enable decision makers to do a lot of calculations quickly at a low cost, and timely decision making is critical in many cases. For example, new products are officially mass produced, stock trading, equipment updates, and other decisions.
¡¡¡¡2.Overcome cognitive limitations. According to Simon, the brain's ability to process and store information is limited, and it is difficult to recall information correctly when needed. Although people to solve the question ability is limited, and many people together will help to overcome these difficulties, but in a group would produce coordination and communication, the computer system can not only enable people to access and process large amounts of information quickly and also help to overcome the problems in collective coordination and communication, this is the GDSS (group decision support system) to solve the problem. In the future when printing goes online, it can better reflect the advantages of GDSS.
¡¡¡¡3.Reduce expenses. The growth in business efficiency comes from increased productivity, which means lower costs. Traditionally, gathering a group of decision-makers, especially a group of experts, is often costly. GDSS can reduce the size of groups and enable groups to communicate from different places to save on travel costs, and the efficiency of staff, such as financial analysts, can be improved.
¡¡¡¡4.Technical support. Many of the decisions involve complex technologies such as printing adaptability, color theory, electronic screening, laser holographic printing, digital printing and special printing. The data may be stored in different databases or outside the organization, while the data may contain sound and images (that is, multimedia DSS) and be transmitted quickly from far away (web-based DSS).
¡¡¡¡Quality support. DSS can improve the quality of decision-making, such as the location selection of the factory, the design of the organizational structure, the formulation of business plans, the determination of the type and process of printing products, the purchase and use of raw materials, the storage management system, the sales management system, the selection of various technical personnel and the staff training system, etc. With DSS, more schemes can be evaluated, risk analysis can be performed quickly, and even some knowledge that should be in the hands of experts can be directly derived from the DSS system. With DSS, decision makers can quickly and economically perform complex simulations, test various assumptions, and estimate impacts, all of which will help produce better decisions.
¡¡¡¡Competitive support. In modern society, sometimes competitive pressures make the decision-making process more difficult. Competition will not be limited to price and quality, but will also include on-time, on-demand, after-sales and other user service requirements. The enterprise must be able to change its operation mode frequently and rapidly, and build and recreate the process, which is "innovation management". As the saying goes, a crisis awareness often surpasses a crisis.